Third Republic of Varkana

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Third Republic of Varkana
მესამე საქართველოს რესპუბლიკის
mesame sakartvelos respublika

1943–2004
Flag Seal
Capital Klow
Languages Kartvelian
Government Presidential unitary republic
President
 -  1943-1944 Simon Kaukhchishvili
 -  1996-2004 Ivane Javakhishvili
Legislature Parliament
History
 -  Great Adonian War 19??-19??
 -  Established Date 1943
 -  Disestablished 12 April 2004
 -  Varkan revolution 2004-2010

The Third Republic of Varkana (Kartvelian: მესამე საქართველოს რესპუბლიკის, mesame sakartvelos respublika) was the republican government of Varkana between 1943 and 2004, governed by the third republican constitution. It was in many ways a revival of the First Republic, which was in place before the January Revolution, and suffered many of the same problems. The Third Republic emerged from the collapse of the Second Republic, replacing the prior single-party communist government with the return of a presidential system.

The Third Republic saw an era of great economic growth in Varkana and the rebuilding of the nation's social institutions and industry after the Great Adonian War, and marked the liberalization of the Varkan economy and its politics. The greatest accomplishments of the Third Republic were in social reform and economic development. In 1945, the Alasania government established a comprehensive social security system that assured unemployment insurance, disability and old-age pensions, and health care to all citizens in the framework of a social market economy.

Background[edit | edit source]

History[edit | edit source]

Military Junta[edit | edit source]

Ioseb Jugashvili U/C

Church and state[edit | edit source]

Downfall of the Third Republic[edit | edit source]

The volatile period of civil unrest in Varkana during Spring 2004 was punctuated by demonstrations and massive general strikes as well as the occupation of universities and factories across Varkana. At the height of its fervor, it virtually brought the entire advanced capitalist economy of Varkana to a dramatic halt. The protests reached such a point that political leaders feared civil war or revolution. Although the events sometimes turned violent, they also had artistic and festive aspects with numerous quasi-improvised debates and assemblies, songs, imaginative graffitis, posters and slogans.

The unrest began with a series of student occupation protests against capitalism, consumerism and traditional institutions, values and order. It then spread to factories with strikes involving ??? workers, more than 28% of the total population of Varkana at the time, for two continuous weeks. The movement was characterized by its spontaneous and decentralized wildcat disposition; this created contrast and sometimes even conflict between itself and the establishment, trade unions and political parties. It was the largest general strike ever attempted in Varkana, and the first ever nationwide wildcat general strike.

The student occupations and wildcat general strikes initiated across Varkana were met with forceful confrontation by university administrators and police. The Javakhishvili administration's attempts to quell those strikes by police action only inflamed the situation further, leading to street battles with the police in Klow, followed by the spread of general strikes and occupations throughout Varkana. New elections were due in April 2004 and the country entered into electoral campaign in the midst of the unrest. Violence evaporated almost as quickly as it arose. Workers went back to their jobs, and when the elections were finally held in April, Zurab Avalishvili was elected President and the Fourth Republic was established.